Returns to individuals and society are positive for university and college education

Source: Institute for Competitiveness & Prosperity analysis based on data from OECD Education at a Glance 2009.
Note: Public NPV returns include Public Direct cost, Public forgone revenues, income tax revenues, social contribution revenues, transfer revenues and unemployment effect. Private NPV returns include direct costs, forgone earnings, gross earnings benefits, income tax effect, social contribution effect, transfer effect and unemployment effect.